AS132 - A prospective study of genetic and biochemical predictors of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Data Dictionaries and Study Documentation
This section displays all study-related data dictionaries and study-related files. The investigators for this study will upload the datasets, data dictionaries, and other study-related files. Study-related files will be made available to the public one year after the completion of the ancillary study, with the exception of the datasets, which will only be available to those with a Data Distribution Agreement. Those will be available to those with permission to download and will appear as a download link next to the data dictionary
Data Dictionaries
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Study Documents
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| NameAS132Matching Summary.pdf | Description |
| NameAS132Matching SummaryPart2.pdf | Description |
Related Papers
Common variations in the genes encoding c-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor, and interleukin-6, and the risk of clinical diabetes in the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study
Circulating concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) have been associated with an increased risk of diabetes.To examine the roles of genetic variation in the genes encoding CRP, TNF- a, and IL-6 in the development of diabetes, we conducted a prospective case-control study nested within the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. We followed 82 069 postmenopausal women (50-79 years of age) with no history of diab...
Keywords: C-Reactive Protein; Crp; Diabetes; Interleukin-6; Il-6; Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha; Tnf-A
Related Studies: 132
Genetic variations in magnesium-related ion channels may affect diabetes risk among African American and Hispanic American women
BACKGROUND: Prospective studies consistently link low magnesium intake to higher type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk. OBJECTIVE: We examined the association of common genetic variants [single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)] in genes related to magnesium homeostasis with T2D risk and potential interactions with magnesium intake. METHODS: Using the Women's Health Initiative-SNP Health Association Resource (WHI-SHARe) study, we identified 17 magnesium-related ion channel genes (583 SNPs) and examined their...
Keywords: Transient Receptor Potential Membrane Melastatin 6 And 7 (Trpm6 And Trpm7); Polymorphism; Magnesium; Systemic Inflammation; High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (Hs-Crp); Interleukin-6 (Il-6); Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (Tnf-A); Type 2 Diabetes
A prospective study of inflammatory cytokines and diabetes mellitus in a multiethnic cohort of postmenopausal women
Inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor alpha, IL-6 (interleukin 6), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), have been related to both insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, prospective studies that comprehensively assess their roles in the development of type 2 diabetes are few, especially in minority populations.Among 82,069 postmenopausal women aged 50 to 79 years without cardiovascular disease or diabetes mellitus who participated in the Women's He...
Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Interleukin-6; Tumor Necrosis Factor-A; C-Reactive Protein; Inflammation; Insulin Resistance
Related Studies: 132
Circulating levels of endothelial adhesion molecules and risk of diabetes in an ethnically diverse cohort of women
Elevated circulating levels of soluble adhesion molecules as markers of endothelial dysfunction have been related to insulin resistance and its associated metabolic abnormalities. However, their associations with type 2 diabetes remain inconclusive. We conducted a prospective nested case-control study to examine the associations between plasma levels of E-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and diabetes risk among 82,069 initially ...
Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Endothelial Activation; E-Selectin; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; Vascular Adhesion Molecule-1; Insulin Resistance
Related Studies: 132
Common genetic variation in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) gene and type 2 diabetes in an ethnically diverse cohort of women
Keywords: Nos3; Endothelium; Nitric Oxide (No); Type 2 Diabetes; The Women’S Health Initiative –Observational Study (Whi-Os); Polymorphism; Haplotype
Related Studies: 132
Elevated depressive symptoms, antidepressant use, and diabetes in a large multiethnic national sample of postmenopausal women
To examine elevated depressive symptoms and antidepressant use in relation to diabetes incidence in the Women's Health Initiative.A total of 161,808 postmenopausal women were followed for over an average of 7.6 years. Hazard ratios (HRs) estimating the effects of elevated depressive symptoms and antidepressant use on newly diagnosed incident diabetes were obtained using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for known diabetes risk factors.Multivariable-adjusted HRs indicated an increased risk...
Keywords: Depression; Type 2 Diabetes; Epidemiology
Related Studies: 132
Shared molecular pathways and gene networks for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus in women across diverse ethnicities
Although cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) share many common risk factors, potential molecular mechanisms that may also be shared for these 2 disorders remain unknown.Using an integrative pathway and network analysis, we performed genome-wide association studies in 8155 blacks, 3494 Hispanic American, and 3697 Caucasian American women who participated in the national Women's Health Initiative single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) Health Association Resource and the G...
Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus; Gwas; Gene-Gene; Gene-Environment Interaction; Phenotypes; Integrated Approach; Gene-Set Enrichment Analysis
Relation of genetic variation in the gene coding for c-reactive protein with its plasma protein levels: Findings from the Women’s Health Initiative observational cohort
Although common genetic variants of the CRP gene (C-reactive protein, pentraxin related) have been associated with plasma concentrations of high-sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) in several cohorts of European Americans, relatively few studies have comprehensively assessed this association in well-characterized multiethnic populations.In a case-control study of diabetes nested in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Cohort, we comprehensively evaluated the association of genetic variation in CRP wi...
Keywords: C-Reactive Protein; Interleukin-6; Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha; Inflammatory Cytokines; Diabetes Mellitus; Polymorphism; Haplotype
Related Studies: 132
Dietary antioxidants, inflammation and diabetes mellitus in a multi-ethnic cohort of postmenopausal women
Keywords: Dietary Antioxidants; Vitamin E; Vitamin C; Beta-Carotene; Alpha-Carotene; Lycopene; Carotenes; Carotenoids; Zinc; Copper; Selenium; Magnesium; Coffee; Inflammation; Tumor Necrosis Factor- A; C-Reactive Protein; Interleukin-6; Type 2 Diabetes
Related Studies: 132
The portfolio diet and incident type 2 diabetes: Findings from the Women's Health Initiative prospective cohort study
Objective: A plant-based dietary pattern, the Portfolio Diet, has been shown to lower LDL cholesterol and other cardiovascular disease risk factors. However, no study has evaluated the association of this diet with incident type 2 diabetes. Research design and methods: This analysis included 145,299 postmenopausal women free of diabetes at baseline in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) Clinical Trials and Observational Study from 1993 to 2021. Adherence to the diet was assessed with a score bas...
Keywords: Portfolio Diet; Cardiovascular Disease; Prospective Cohort; Nutritional Epidemiology; Dietary Patterns
Evaluation of the association between circulating IL-1β and related cytokines and incident atrial fibrillation in a cohort of postmenopausal women
Background: Inflammatory cytokines play a role in atrial fibrillation (AF). Interleukin (IL)-1β, which is targeted in the treatment of ischemic heart disease, has not been well-studied in relation to AF. Methods: Postmenopausal women from the Women's Health Initiative were included. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the association between log-transformed baseline cytokine levels and future AF incidence. Models were adjusted for body mass index, age, race, educatio...
Keywords: Atrial Fibrillation; Myocytokines; Il-6; Crp; Biomarkers; Inflammation
Manganese intake and the risk of cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women: findings from the Women’s Health Initiative
Keywords: Dietary Manganese; Cardiovascular Disease; Hypertension; Inflammatory And Endothelial Markers; Diabetes; Obesity
Related Studies: 132
Common genetic variants in Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-? (PPARG) and Type 2 Diabetes risk among Women's Health Initiative postmenopausal women
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-? (PPARG) plays a pivotal role in adipogenesis and glucose homeostasis.We investigated whether PPARG gene variants were associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk in the multiethnic Women's Health Initiative (WHI).We assessed PPARG single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a case-control study nested in the prospective WHI observational study (WHI-OS) (1543 T2D cases and 2170 matched controls). After identifying 24 tagSNPs, we used multivariable logisti...
Keywords: Ppar Gamma; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Genotype; Haplotype; Association Studies
Related Studies: 132
Common genetic variants in Fatty Acid-Binding Protein-4 (FABP4) and clinical diabetes risk in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study
Adipocypte fatty acid-binding protein-4 (FABP4/adipocyte P2) may play a central role in energy metabolism and inflammation. In animal models, defects of the aP2 gene (aP2(-/-)) partially protected against the development of obesity-related insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerosis. However, it is unclear whether common genetic variation in FABP4 gene contributes to risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) or diabetes-related metabolic traits in humans. We comprehensively assess the genetic asso...
Keywords: Fabp4; Ap2; Type 2 Diabetes; The Women’S Health Initiative –Observational Study (Whi-Os); Haplotype; Polymorphism; And Variant
Related Studies: 132
Insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion determined by homeostasis model assessment and risk of diabetes in a multiethnic cohort of women: The Women's Health Initiative Observational Study
The homeostasis model assessment (HOMA), based on plasma levels of fasting glucose and insulin, has been widely validated and applied for quantifying insulin resistance and beta-cell function. However, prospective data regarding its relation to diabetes risk in ethnically diverse populations are limited.Among 82,069 women who were aged 50-79 years, free of cardiovascular disease or diabetes, and participating in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study, we conducted a nested case-contro...
Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2 Dm); Fasting Insulin Levels; Glucose Levels; Insulin Resistance; Insulin Secretion; The Homeostasis Model Assessment (Homa)
Related Studies: 132
FTO polymorphisms are associated with obesity but not diabetes risk in postmenopausal women
The FTO gene was recently identified as a susceptibility locus for both obesity and type 2 diabetes by whole-genome association analyses of several European populations. We tested for an association between FTO risk alleles and obesity and diabetes in a well-characterized multiethnic cohort of postmenopausal women in the United States. We genotyped two most significantly associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs9939609 and rs8050136) in intron 1 of FTO gene in a nested case-control s...
Keywords: Fto Gene; Variant; Snp; Body Mass Index; Obesity; Adiposity; Diabetes Mellitus; Ethnicity
Related Studies: 132
Genetic variants in the UCP2-UCP3 gene cluster and risk of diabetes in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study
Mitochondrial uncoupling proteins (UCPs) are involved in body weight regulation and glucose homeostasis. Genetic variants in the UCP2-UCP3 gene cluster, located on chromosome 11q13, may play a significant role in the development of type 2 diabetes.We conducted a comprehensive assessment of common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the 70-kb UCP2-UCP3 gene cluster in relation to type 2 diabetes risk in a prospective, case-control study nested in the Women's Health Initiative Observational ...
Keywords: Ucp2; Type 2 Diabetes; The Women’S Health Initiative –Observational Study (Whi-Os); Haplotype
Related Studies: 132
Association between dietary fiber and markers of systemic inflammation in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study
Systemic inflammation may play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, and some cancers. Few studies have comprehensively assessed the direct relations between dietary fiber and inflammatory cytokines, especially in minority populations. Using baseline data from 1958 postmenopausal women enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study, we examined cross-sectional associations between dietary fiber intake and markers of systemic inflammation (includ...
Keywords: Dietary Fiber; C-Reactive Protein; Epidemiology; Cardiovascular Disease; Nutrition
Related Studies: 132
Relations of dietary magnesium intake to biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in an ethnically diverse cohort of postmenopausal women
Although magnesium may favorably affect metabolic outcomes, few studies have investigated the role of magnesium intake in systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in humans.Among 3,713 postmenopausal women aged 50-79 years in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study and free of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes at baseline, we measured plasma concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), turnor necrosis factor-alpha receptor 2 ...
Keywords: Vitamin D; Calcium; Magnesium; High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein; Interleukin-6; Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha; Inflammatory Cytokines
Related Studies: 132
The utility of circulating biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction for risk prediction and stratification of clinical diabetes in postmenopausal women – The Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study
Recent studies have linked plasma markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction to type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) development. However, the utility of these novel biomarkers for type 2 DM risk prediction remains uncertain.The Women's Health Initiative Observational Study (WHIOS), a prospective cohort, and a nested case-control study within the WHIOS of 1584 incident type 2 DM cases and 2198 matched controls were used to evaluate the utility of plasma markers of inflammation and endothelial ...
Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; C-Reactive Protein; Interleukin-6; Tumor Necrosis Factor-A; Inflammation; E-Selectin; Intercellular Adhension Molecule-1; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; Endothelial Adhesion Molecules; Risk Prediction; Risk Score
Related Studies: 132
Birthweight, mediating biomarkers and the development of type 2 diabetes later in life: a prospective study of multi-ethnic women
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The aim of this work was to investigate the prospective relationship between low birthweight (LBW) and type 2 diabetes risk later in life and the mediation effects of type 2 diabetes biomarkers linking LBW to type 2 diabetes risk. METHODS: We measured baseline plasma concentrations of various type 2 diabetes biomarkers in 1,259 incident type 2 diabetes cases and 1,790 controls in the Women's Health Initiative-Observational Study. Self-report birthweights of the participants were...
Keywords: Birth Weight; Type 2 Diabetes; Insulin Resistance; Telomere; Inflammation; Endothelial Dysfunction; Sex Steroid
Understanding the relation between socioeconomic position and inflammation in post-menopausal women: education, income and occupational prestige
BACKGROUND: The role of occupational prestige, a direct measure of the perceived status of job and job holder, in inflammation is unknown. To contribute to understanding the pathways by which socioeconomic position (SEP) is associated with inflammation, we aimed to estimate the direct effects of education, income and occupational prestige on C-reactive protein (CRP) and to describe the relationship between these markers and CRP. METHODS: The study was based on 2026 post-menopausal women enrolled...
Keywords: Occupation; Socioeconomic Position; Low Grade Inflammation
Dietary manganese, plasma markers of inflammation, and the development of Type 2 Diabetes in postmenopausal women: Findings from the Women's Health Initiative
Objective: To examine the association between manganese intake and the risk of type 2 diabetes in postmenopausal women and determine whether this association is mediated by circulating markers of inflammation. Research design and methods: We included 84,285 postmenopausal women without a history of diabetes from the national Women's Health Initiative Observational Study (WHI-OS). Replication analysis was then conducted among 62,338 women who participated in the WHI-Clinical Trial (WHI-CT). Addit...
Keywords: Dietary Manganese; Inflammatory And Endothelial Markers; Diabetes; Obesity
Related Studies: 132
Common genetic variation in calpain-10 gene (CAPN10) and diabetes risk in a multi-ethnic cohort of American postmenopausal women
Calpain-10 (CAPN10) protein may play a role in glucose metabolisms, pancreatic beta-cell insulin secretion and thermogenesis. Emerging evidence has implicated a role of CAPN10 genetic variants in the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Previous association studies, however, have focussed only on several variants initially reported and provided inconsistent results. We conducted a large nested case-control study to comprehensively investigate the associations between common variations in CAP...
Keywords: Calpain-10 (Capn10); Haplotype; Type 2 Diabetes; The Women’S Health Initiative Observational Study (Whi-Os)
Related Studies: 132
Genetic interleukin-6 receptor blockade, Chronic Disease Risk and Longevity. Results from the Women's Health Initiative
Background: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels have been related to increased risk of chronic disease and mortality. Whether genetic IL-6 receptor (IL6R) blockade is associated with lower chronic disease risk or greater longevity is unknown. Methods: The analytic cohort consisted of 38,807 Women's Health Initiative participants that had available genotyping information, of which 23,464 were eligible to survive to 90 years of age through February 19, 2023. Carrier status of the IL6R variant (rs8192284; ...
Keywords: Inflammation; Ageing; Longevity; Chronic Disease Risk; Chd; Dementia; Chf
